Essay --

I chose to discuss clean eating for this assignment as I truly believe that nutrition is the cornerstone for good health. I believe this statement based on science and facts, and not what is trendy or currently being discussed during the evening news. Science has shown us that our bodies work on a cellular level, and if we feed those cells poorly in the forms of high-fat, high-calorie, processed foods, which offer no nutritional value, then the cells cannot do their jobs properly and have a negative impact on health. The term clean eating has different meanings to different people; however, all agree that at the heart of the phrase, it shows that people recognize that nutrition plays a vital part in health. So how and why does nutrition play a vital part in health? This paper will discuss the aspects. First, begin by eating whole foods. This one is pretty straightforward -- instead of a banana nut muffin, eat a banana and some nuts! The primary principle of eating clean is to replac e processed foods with fresh and natural foods. To me, this means foods that haven't had anything added to them, and haven't had anything valuable taken away. So, even if you're not growing quinoa in your back yard, you can buy this whole grain in the bulk section of your market, or in a box, where the only ingredient is quinoa, and only quinoa. That's a far cry from a refined grain, that's been stripped of its fiber-rich bran (outer skin) and nutritious germ (the inner part that sprouts into a new plant), bleached, and doctored up with preservatives. Let ingredients guide you I don't think it's realistic to never eat anything that comes out of a jar, box, or bag, but when you do, the very first thing a clean eater looks at is the ingredient list. ... ...l, the phrase "you are what you eat" is literally true, so being thoughtful about your food just makes sense. Nutrients create the foundation for the structure and function of every cell in your body, and because your body is in a continuous state of maintenance and repair, the health and functioning of your cells is directly determined by what you've been eating. Whole, natural foods provide the building blocks that go to work to uphold your muscles, bones, organs, immune system, and hormones. So cleaning up your diet is a lot like starting to build and support your body with the highest quality raw materials. For these reasons, I've seen a commitment to clean eating truly transform my clients' lives, from clearer, glowing skin and shinier hair to more energy, better mood and sleep quality, clearer thinking, less aches and pains, and even a greater sex drive.

Patient Risk Essay

This example of a reflective essay is presented in association with Price, B and Harrington, A (2013) Critical Thinking and Writing for Nursing Students, London, Learning Matters. Readers are introduced to the process of critical and reflective thinking and the translation of these into coursework that will help them to achieve better grades in nursing courses. Stewart, Raymet, Fatima and Gina are four students who share their learning journey throughout the chapters of the book. In this essay on the assessment of pain, Raymet demonstrates her reflective writing skills near the end of her course. Raymet had by this stage written several reflective practice essays and gained good marks. This time though she was encouraged to deepen her reflections, speculating selectively on how the account of pain experienced by a patient (Mrs Drew) might help her to work more creatively with patient perceptions and reported needs. N.B. Remember, copying essays such as this, submitting them as a whole or in part for assessment purposes, without attributing the source of the material, may leave you open to the charge of plagiarism. Significant sanctions may follow for nurses who do this, including referral to the Nursing and Midwifery Council. Assessing Mrs Drew’s Pain Mc Caffery and Pasero (1999) state that pain is what the patient says it is. If we accept that point, then nurses need to explore the patient’s perceptions of pain, as well as their report of experiences. The two are not quite the same. Patients may report their pain in a variety of ways, dependent on the nature and the intensity of pain and the context in which it is felt (e.g. whether they are ever distracted from the pain). Their perception of pain is a little more though and it includes the meaning that the pain has for them. It includes explanation of why the pain is there in the first place, what it indicates about their body and what it could  suggest might happen in the future (getting better, getting worse). The nurse assesses the account of pain shared by the patient, and this may be given in the form of a story. This is how it began, this is how it felt, this is what that meant to me and this is what I did about it (Mishler et al. 2006) In this essay I explore the assessment of pain as conducted with one 60 year old patient whom I will call Mrs Drew. Whilst the essay describes an assessment of pain with a single patient, I try to share too some ideas and questions that this provokes within me about pain assessment more generally. Mrs Drew made me think about other patients, future assessments and what I had to do as a nurse to help patients. To help structure this essay I use the framework described by Gibbs (1988). Whilst the episode concerned relates a stage in Mrs Drew’s illness when she challenged her treatment protocol, it also includes some of the memories and thoughts that this patient refers to regarding her earlier illness and past ways of coping with pain. In particular, it prompted me to question to what extent I as a nurse should recommend analgesia, drawing on what I had been taught about the effective control of pain. I had learned that it was better to control rather than to chase pain ( e.g. Mann and Carr, 2006; Forbes, 2007). Mrs Drew was diagnosed with lung cancer a year earlier and had initially had her illness treated by chemotherapy. This had helped her to achieve a remission that lasted for nearly ten months (Hunt et al, 2009 describe the prognosis of this disease). The cancer had returned though and spread to her spine and it was here that she experienced most of her pain.It was at this stage that the doctors explained that her care would now be directed towards her comfort rather than a cure—to which she had replied, ‘you mean palliative care’. Mrs Drew was supported at home by her husband Neil and visited on a regular basis by community based nurses to whom I was attached as part of my student nurse training. She was prescribed oral morphine and could decide within stated limits how many tablets she could take in any one 24 hour period. The situation I had visited Mrs Drew on several occasions over the period of a month when the community nurse and I were confronted by a tearful patient who announced that she did not wish to take the oral opiates quite as often as we were recommending. As she spoke she held her husband’s hand tightly, looking across to him as she described her experiences and feelings about the matter. Yes, there had been some bad nights when the pain had woken her and she had to sit up and watch television to try and distract herself. Yes, sometimes the pain made her feel nauseous, but she was alarmed at how frequently she was taking the ‘pain tablets’ and how this made her feel about herself. However well meant the medication was, it didn’t feel dignified to be so reliant on drugs, or quite so sleepy and unresponsive for such a high percentage of the day. Whilst the analgesia was working well when she took the tablets, the quality of life wasn’t what she wanted. The community nurse listened patiently to Mrs Drew and then explained that it was normal to have panic moments about such medication. Morphine had a reputation, one that people associated with misuse of drugs, rather than their therapeutic use. Used on a regular basis, the drug wouldn’t cause addiction and it would provide a great deal of reassurance to Mr Drew as well. The community nurse stated that she was quite sure that he respected his wife’s need to sleep when she wished and to build the rhythm of the day around her needs. At this point Mrs Drew shook her husband’s hand, and said, ‘tell her†¦tell her what we’ve talked about!’ Mr Drew then explained that his wife was used to dealing with pain, she had suffered recurrent pain in her neck and shoulder after a road traffic accident some years before. The pain had sometimes been severe, but he had massaged her shoulders and used heat packs that she found soothing. They had decided that they wished to use this technique now, keeping the morphine for absolute emergencies, when she was losing sleep and couldn’t eat as a result of the discomfort. The community nurse assured them that they were in charge of the analgesia and would be allowed to make their own decisions. She started to make notes though, and announced that she was making a referral to the cancer pain clinic, something that would help them to take stock of the situation. There was very good reason to suppose that this might be a problem associated with choosing the right dosage of the  morphine, rather than using supplemental pain relief measures. Mrs Drew responded sharply, ‘You’re not listening to me though Jane (the community nurse’s name—a pseudonym is used here), I want to use heat packs instead of morphine, at least during the day. I want to be more alive with my husband.’ The community nurse assured Mrs Drew that she had heard what she had said and respected her point of view. There would though be nothing lost by using the clinic to gain a further check on this matter. With that she excused us, explaining that we had a further appointment that morning and we left, having checked that Mrs Drew had a sufficient supply of her different medicines. As we walked to the car the community nurse empathised with Mrs Drew’s plight, saying that if she had lung cancer she would probably grasp at straws too. She would reach out for things that seemed more normal, and then observed, ‘but this isn’t normal is it, the pain she has isn’t normal. It’s not just a whip lash injury and old age.’ Feelings I remember that during this episode feeling a mixture of confusion, surprise, anger and impotence. Mrs Drew had surprised me by the way she had spoken, using what seemed to be a planned announcement. They had waited for and perhaps rehearsed this moment. Nothing in my experience to date had prepared me for such an encounter, at least in such circumstances, where we as nurses were so obviously working to support the patient. It was only later that I called the episode a confrontation. Mr and Mrs Drew had confronted the community nurse and I had been the largely silent witness to the event. As the discussion proceeded I remember making supportive noises, remarking how useful heat packs sometimes were and glancing across at Jane, who seemed to be signalling with her expression that I should leave this debate to her. I was trying to read her reactions to the Drew’s points and concluded that if I couldn’t support her arguments to the patient, then I should remain silent. The re were issues here that I perhaps hadn’t enough experience to deal with, at least, whilst ‘thinking on my feet’. My initial anger (with Mrs Drew for not acknowledging all that we were trying to do) quickly became displaced towards my colleague Jane. During the event I couldn’t explain why that was, but afterwards, when I made notes, I realised that it was because she seemed to have set the agenda in her own mind and to be requiring the patient to comply with concerns of her own. Put rather crudely, Jane seemed to be saying, listen I know about these things, this is a phase, an anxiety; you can work through all this. I believed at this point that she had missed the significance of the event, the way in which the Drew’s had arranged the conversation. For them, this was not a phase at all, but a considered and very important decision, one that they wanted the nurses to accept (Freshwater, 2002 and Edwards and Elwyn, 2009 emphasize the importance of negotiated care planning). My feelings of impotence were associated strongly with my lack of clinical experience. I have met this before. No matter how many placements I do, no matter how good the mentoring I receive, I keep meeting situations where I am unsure about how to respond next. I feel younger, less knowledgeable than I should be at this stage in my training. I want to reassure patients, to support colleagues and to give good advice, but there is not enough confidence to do that. If I felt unsettled and uncertain about Jane’s response to the Drew’s, right then I couldn’t easily explain that. I couldn’t offer a second opinion, couldn’t suggest an idea that might help support the patient. To my annoyance I couldn’t manage that either as we left the house. Jane had made some fair points, she  clearly seemed concerned about the patient’s needs, but perhaps she hadn’t spotted the right need—for Mrs Drew to determine in greater part how she de alt with her illness. Experience evaluated Afterwards, this short episode prompted doubts and debates about several important aspects of nursing for me. Setting aside the etiquette of learning in clinical practice, not challenging a qualified nurse in front of a  patient, there were problems here associated with supporting patient dignity, with my assumptions relating to analgesia and pain control strategies, and I realised, with my assumptions about types of pain and who had the expertise to define these. Dignity is more than simply using the appropriate terms of address, protecting the privacy of patients and attending to their expressed concerns (Price, 2004). It is about clarifying the ways in which they live and accommodate illness or treatment. It is about finding out what benchmarks they use to say that ‘yes, I am doing well here, this makes me feel good about myself’. Upon reflection, I sense that we on this occasion had not worked hard enough to discover how Mr and Mrs Drew define quality of life, or being in charge of their situation. We were more concerned with providing resources, sharing research or theory about medication and questioning the familiar misconceptions associated with morphine. To put it simply, we were ‘missing a trick’, reading the encounter as something that had happened many times before—the report of problems or anxieties, a request for help, rather than a decision that the patient and her carer had already come to. Reading situations well seemed, with the benefit of hindsight, to be the first basis for dignified care. ‘What is happening here, what will help the patient most?’ were questions that we perhaps assumed that we already knew the answer to. I realised that in my training I had already accepted the argument that patients would wish to remain pain free come what may and that the tackling of fears about prospective pain, was something that nurses engaged in. I assumed that because cancer pain represented such a major threat, because it was greater and more all encompassing, that there was little or no doubt that it should be removed. What was so unsettling, and took so much time to examine, was that Mrs Drew acknowledged the possible severity of metastatic cancer pain, but that she still preferred to respond to it using measures that had worked for her whiplash neck injury. Mrs Drew was willing to trade off a pain free state for something that gave her a greater sense of control and which perhaps enabled her husband to express his support for her in a very tangible way (preparing heat packs, massaging her back, rather than simply giving her the tablets). Mr and Mrs Drew questioned all my assumptions about best analgesia pr actice, and seemed to write a large  question mark on the textbooks I had read about chasing rather than controlling pain in palliative care situations (Mann and Carr, 2006). Reflections (learning opportunities) The episode with Mrs Drew left me uncomfortable because my past approach to pain management was theoretical. I (and I believe Jane too) regularly made use of science to decide what could be done as regards pain relief and to assume that patients would wish to achieve all of those benefits. This wasn’t about local applications of heat versus morphine, Mrs Drew could use both, it was about choice and how patients made choices—why they reached the decisions that they did. It was for me, about accepting very personally, that providing that patients are given all the relevant facts, alerted to the options, that they really are able to make choices that work for them. The very fact that Mrs Drew’s illness was now incurable, that she and her husband usually tackled pain together, meant that her solution to the challenge was different to those that many other patients arrived at. Having dealt with this pain for some time, knowing that it could and probably would get wors e, meant that she was better equipped than other less experienced patients to make a decision here. This took nothing away from the benefits of sharing further discussion with pain clinic experts. I thought, Mrs Drew will stand her ground, she will insist on doing things her way if her husband is strong too. What it did highlight though was the importance of listening to patients, hearing how they perceive pain, how they narrate not only the pain but what they did about it. In this instance the narration was all about dignity, and coping, and finding ways to help one another and how this enables us to feel in the face of such a terrible illness. So, in telling us about her pain, what she did about it, using morphine when it was ‘absolutely required’, Mrs Drew was not reporting her ignorance of what could be achieved if the medication was used differently, but what she preferred to do as it enabled her to achieve different goals. Mrs Drew’s goals were about liveliness, alertness and stoicism, showing that she could bear at least a measure of pain. I wondered why I hadn’t listened carefully enough to such a story? Was it because of time pressure, or perhaps complacency, that Jane and I felt that we already knew what account would be  shared? Did we think that the patient would ask for help, more help, as the pain continued? If so, then our guesses had prompted us to behave as experts, and problem solvers, on the patient’s behalf. Perhaps hearing a patient narrative is about discovering what sort of role they would like you to fulfil. If so, then it might be a difficult role. I thought hard about how hard this was for Jane. She was going to be asked to witness Mrs Drew’s future pain, one that was now less perfectly controlled. She was going to be asked to reassure, to suggest measures that might help, without reminding the patient that she ‘already knew that you couldn’t manage pain that way!’ When I think about it now, that is very stressful for a nurse. It is about caring and allowing patient’s to make choices that we personally might not make. Conclusions I have drawn then three conclusions from the above reflection. First, that being patient centred is never easy and requires real listening and interpretation skills. My criticism of what Jane chose to do, to try and dissuade Mrs Drew from a course of action, recommending further appraisal of the situation, is an easy one to make. Nurses confront situations such as this relatively unprepared and react as considerately as possible. It is easy in hindsight to recommend other responses, a further exploration of what motivated Mrs Drew’s pain management preferences. Second, that experience can be a valuable teacher, the equal of textbooks. If nurses are interested in care, then we should be concerned with the sense that patients make of their own illness, the treatment or support that they receive. We need to understand what patients have to teach us and have to acknowledge that this means that we won’t always seem in control ourselves, expert and knowledgeable. Our expertise might be elsewhere, helping patients to reach their own decisions. Third, that one way to understand patient perspectives on illness or treatment, on pain management in this example, is to hear how they talk  about the situation. How do they describe the pain, how do they refer to what they did about it? The way in which the story is shared, how we coped, how this made us feel, is as important as the facts related. Sometimes a patient needs to feel stalwart, even heroic in the face of illness. Future care It would be foolish and unprofessional to recommend to other patients that they might not wish to remove pain, or that overcoming pain doesn’t always mean we don’t continue to experience it. For every Mrs Drew there may be many other patients who would welcome the complete removal of pain, so that they can die calmly, quietly, with their own version of dignity. But it does seem to me, that it will be worth thinking about the diversity of patients and how they prefer to cope when I assess pain and help manage this problem in the future. I won’t be able to walk away from the responsibility of debating whether I have explained all that I could, detailed the strengths and limitations of different ways of coping. I will need to find reflection time to ponder what patients have said and if necessary to go back and say, ‘I’ve been thinking some more about your words last week..’ knowing that this doesn’t make me any the less professional. References Edwards, A and Elwyn, G (2009) Shared decision-making in health care: achieving evidencebased patient choice, 2nd ed. Oxford, Oxford University Press Forbes, K (2007) Opiods in cancer pain, Oxford, Oxford University Press Freshwater, D (2002) Therapeutic nursing: improving patient care through self awareness, London, Sage. Gibbs G (1988) Learning by doing: a guide to teaching and learning methods, Oxford, Oxford Polytechnic Further Education unit Hunt, I., Muers, M and Treasure, T (2009) ABC of lung cancer, Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell/BMJ Books Mann, E and Carr, E (2006) Pain management, Oxford, Blackwell McCaffery, M and Pasero, C (1999) Pain: Clinical manual, Mosby, Philadelphia Mishler, E., Rapport, F and Wainwright, P (2006) The self in health and illness: patients, professionals and narrative identity, Oxford, Radcliffe Publishing Ltd Price, B (2004) Demonstrating respect for patient dignity, Nursing Standard, 19(12), 45-51

Public Administration - 1077 Words

Midterm Essay: Classical Organizational Theory Liberty University February 5, 2014 Midterm Essay: Classical Organizational Theory Classical Organizational Theory deals with the systematic processes necessary to make bureaucracy more efficient and effective. Name three scholars that are credited with the development of classical organization thought that most correctly fit into this definition of Classical Organizational Theory. What were the basic arguments articulated by each in their contributions to the development of Classical Organizational Theory? Classical organizational theory supports two views. Scientific management which focuses on managing work and employees and administrative management which addresses issues which†¦show more content†¦Another point is the selection of personnel which deals with training, teaching and developing workers. Another point is management cooperation which deals with how managers work with employees to ensure that all assigned work is done according to the principles of the plan and functional supervising which deals with the planning, organizing and decision-making activities and how workers perform their jobs. Henri Fayol was an Engineer and French industrialist. He recognizes the management principles rather than personal traits. Fayol was the first to identify management as a continuous process of evaluation. Fayol developed five management functions. These functions are roles performed by all managers which includes planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling. Additionally, he recognizes fourteen principles that should guide management of organizations. Luther Gulick was a specialist in municipal finance and administration. He expanded Fayol’s five management principles into seven functions. 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Film and Cinematography styles used in the Shawshank Redemption Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Sound: Sound makes a crucial part of The Shawshank Redemption. The audience location is directed by the sound effects, where the clattering of steel cells takes the audience into prison. It is undeniable that sound plays a pivotal role in the films storyline. Without Red’s offer to connect the viewers to Andy’s story, the plot would be meaningless; to be precise, the story would be nonexistent. Thus Red’s voice together with Andy’s and other character are indispensible part of the entire piece of work. Thomas Newman’s music is used to set tone for the scene. The film opens with the sound of gun shots in the prison where piano-driven music is used to elicit a dark feel and somber mood. However, the situation changes in the last scene where Red and Andy reunite in Mexico. The viewers are driven to think that Andy is on the brink of fulfilling his dreams, thus the music matches this idea by adopting a more inspirational tone. Editing: In The Shawshank Redemption, continuity editing style is employed. The film does not make use of rapid cuts with all the scenes set in such a manner that they dissolve into each other as the movie progresses. We will write a custom essay sample on Film and Cinematography styles used in the Shawshank Redemption or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In the film, the closing of the cell doors signifies the end of a scene in most cases. For example, in the scene where the prison warden goes to speak with Andy, after the two are done, the cell door bangs, light fades and the stage is set for the next scene where Andy appears seated and chatting with Red in the prison area. Andy is neither alone and nor with the prison warden, but with Red indicating to the audience that time has elapsed from the period when the viewers saw Andy’s encounter with the warden. Cinematography: In The Shawshank Redemption Roger Deakins, the film’s photography director, adopts a realism approach to photography for the movie. The inside of the prison is presented as dark, which makes the audience flow with the movie. The dark inside of the prison takes the audience into the prison with and make the viewers feel part of the prison life. When the inmates are outside the cells in the prison area, the darkness lightens up. A bright light is used, which brings a unique feel from that inside the cells. This is an indication of the slightest freedom that the inmates can get in relation to when they are confined in their dark cells. Here, Roger does an excellent job with the variation of lighting and camera work. The Shawshank Redemption utilizes shots of certain sizes throughout the movie. Darabont uses an establishing shot on several occasions in the film.

Analysis Of William Shakespeare s Othello - 1449 Words

How to Survive Your First Relationship William Shakespeare, the Elizabethan poet and playwright, wrote his plays within one of four genres: comedy, tragedy, history, or romance. These genres make his plays very different from one another; however, they all share common characteristics. Shakespeare incorporates a message for his audience to become aware that ultimately teaches a lesson. In Othello, the message Shakespeare portrays to his audience is the importance self-knowledge; which is the ability to recognize and accept one’s flaws through forgiveness and thus the ability to love oneself, others, and participate in the love of God. By comparing and contrasting their character traits, Shakespeare uses Iago and Othello to demonstrate†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, through his demonstration in the play, we can assume Othello has positive qualities because he is a military man. His status in the military implies that he is extremely brave, courageous, and self-reli ant. These qualities, though not stated directly in the play, are implied through the overall awareness of what takes to be a high-ranking military solider. Finally, Othello’s positive qualities extend to his capacity to love. He genuinely loves Desdemona; therefore, he violates social protocol by going against her father’s wish: forbidden love between the two. Othello’s feeling for Desdemona are so true that he risks being shamed publicly in order to make her his wife. On the other hand, Iago possesses both positive and negative qualities; which prove Shakespeare’s message. Throughout the play, Iago is considered intelligent due to his ability to easy persuade various characters in the play, such as Othello, Roderigo, and Cassio. This quality implies that he is also a great rhetorician because he is so easily able to sway characters. Iago tells Roderigo that even though Desdemona is married to Othello, there is still a chance he can end up with her (39). Further, Iago is very aware and understanding to human nature. He is able to understand that Othello can become jealous very easily. Also, Iago recognizes that Othello has little experience

Evolution and Considerations in Corporate Governance †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Evolution and Considerations in Corporate Governance. Answer: Introduction: The principles and recommendations set out in the practice of corporate governance is to ensure that the listed entities are likely to achieve good corporate governance outcome so that most of the reasonable expectation of investors are met. There are mainly eight principles as set out by the council and it comprise of board structuring to add value, laying solid foundations for oversight and management, safeguarding of entity in corporate reporting, act responsibly and ethically, making balanced and timely disclosure, remunerating responsibly and fairly, managing and recognizing risks and respecting the security holders rights (Asx.com.au 2018). It is required by the corporate governance principle and recommendations that companies should make disclosure of any material exposure to environmental, economic and risks associated with social sustainability. As assessment of issues of material sustainability has been conducted by Slater and Gordon group. Moreover, it has been ascertained from reviewing of environmental, social and governance risks that a thorough review with respect to the indicators and aspects tabled in the Global reporting the company has conducted initiatives of G4 sustainability reporting guidelines. The role of remuneration governance during the reporting period is to ensure that Salter and Gordon limited meet the requirement of guidelines of council of ASC corporate governance comprising of recommendations and gender diversity principles (Beekes et al. 2015). Group also conducts regular reviewing of uncertainties and risks that could that would have an impact on objective achievement and business strategy. Group in a competitive environment for rewarding executives fairly adopts contemporary executive remuneration strategies. In addition to this, ethical responsibilities of organization have been fulfilled in accordance with code of ethics. Mineral resources have designed safety strategies that focus on consolidation of making considerable improvement in the process of business. It is ensured by organization that critical risky activities are managed and identified with clear accountabilities for critical control verifications. Remuneration policy of Mineral resources is designed in such a way that it helps in addressing the stakeholder key concerns. Structure of remuneration is designed for creating strong link between performance that is based remuneration scheme and strategic priorities of company. Board in engaging with shareholders for understanding their concerns has invested considerable time and efforts. The aspect of strategy of company is maximizing creation of the long-term value of shareholders by way of generating superior return on invested capital. Creating of transparency between performance and direct linkage is the principle guiding remuneration decision of company (Donelson et al. 2015). Composition of boards over the last 3 years: The board of Slater and Gordon group comprise of executive, non-executive directors and managing director. In financial year 2016, there were six non-executive director, one executive director, one managing director and company secretary. As a part of process of recapitalization, Slater and Gordon group renewed the senior management and board in year 2017. This recapitalization provides the best opportunity for securing the employees, firm and clients future. While there were six non-executive directors, one managing director and one executive director of the group. Within the firm, the diversity is shaped by variety of characteristics that encompasses different ways of thinking and enabling them to serve client in a better way to a diversified range of clients. At Slater and Gordon, the commitment of board is to maintain and create a workplace that is inclusive and diversified for retaining and attracting quality employees (Media.slatergordon.com.au 2018). Ethos of organization is based on profound, social justice and abiding by the respect for institution and law ensuring that legal system fairly and equally treat people. Responsibility of board is to ensure that interest of shareholders and overall strategy of busi ness are aligned with the arrangement of remuneration strategy (Shimeld et al. 2017). Their commitment is to drive alignment between expectations of shareholders and arrangement of shareholders. Role of board as per board charter is defined as approving strategic direction of group. The board of Mineral resources looks forward to continuously guide the company along the exciting path and the proven strategy will continue to benefit all shareholders of company. In September 2017, mineral resources appointed a female non-executive director intended to increase proportion of women in the team of senior leadership. There was improvement in gender diversity of business by developing gender diversity strategy. The composition of board for financial year 2017 comprised of non-executive chairman, managing director, two independent non-executive director, lead independent non-executive director and company secretaries (Tricker and Tricker 2015). While in year 2016, the board comprised of managing director, non-executive chairman, two independent non-executive director and company secretary. The board that helps in maintaining market alignment continuously monitors the remuneration policy. In year 2015, the member of board comprised of non-executive chairman, managing dir ector, four independent non-executive director and company secretary. Policy of board is to conduct periodic review of approach used for remunerating non-executive director so that fees charged by them remain competitive (De Zwart 2015). Board of Mineral resources focused on development of new business initiatives for generating significant future shareholder value and assisting growth of organization as a whole. The primary consideration of the board is capital allocation that takes into account various opportunities available and making investment for maximizing long-term shareholder value. It is identified by management and board of Mineral resources that achievement of objective of group requires to have an uncompromising commitment to environment performance, safety and corporate governance (Mineralresources.com.au 2018). Strength and weakness in TFS corporate governance: The management team and board members of Quintis are committed to high standard of practices of corporate governance. Practices of corporate governance of Quintis comply with the Corporation act, 2001, Company constitution, Australian securities exchange and other applicable regulations and laws. Quintis also complies with the latest corporate governance principles and recommendations of council of ASX corporate governance. The company has a written document policy on relevant procedures and information disclosures. Such procedures focus on continuous disclosure of compliance and making improvement in access to information to investors (Safari et al. 2015). Workplace diversity is one of the important practices of corporate governance that recognizes the benefits of board and gender diversity incorporating retention of employees, high quality employees and deriving benefits from newly acquired talent (Cumming et al. 2016). The diversity strategy of Quintis deals with reviewing of succession plan for ensuring that there is appropriate focus on diversity and culture development that takes into account employees domestic responsibilities. Responsibility of Quintis also lies in monitoring, implementing and reporting on the measurable objectives that are established by human resources. Company performs the application of practices of risk management strategies that helps in improving decision making, reducing uncertainty, protecting stakeholders, supporting the achievement of financial, operational and strategic objectives and ensuring of regulatory compliance (Council and Exchange 2014). Quintis ensure a strong risk management culture for maintaining the strategy of managing the risks. Weakness of corporate governance: The supply deal of Sandalwood grower Quintis with Galderma was terminated and the information about termination was not conveyed to the top management and board of directors. It was reported by Swiss dermatology giant dermatology that a formula used in the Benzac skincare containing pharmaceutical grade sandalwood oil was discontinued. This particular fact depicts the complete failure of corporate governance. Valuation of TFS Corporation was questioned because of its unlikelihood of obtaining finance resulting from poor corporate governance practices, as it was believed that company does not have sufficient capital for maintaining plantations to maturity. The research report published by Glaucus triggered that corporate turmoil and price crash of Quintis marked and indicated the major assault of Australian soil through a new breed of hedge funds known short sellers. Such investors bet on the stock of company for publicizing their position. Such short sellers have been terrorizing companies that was witnessed in terms of attack on Quintis. Therefore, this particular incident corporate governance highlighted the need of board and management to be prepared for such short selling attacks. Management of Quintis was targeted because it misleads investors about operational and financial performance. Allegation was imposed on company that operation of company was done on Ponzi like structure that made the valuation of shares at zero (Donelson et al. 2015). Products such as Sandalwood that are used in perfumes, incense and traditional medicines take decade to grow. It was pointed out that Quintis relied on capital raisings to investors and pay debts indicating difficulty in cash flow. It was said that note generated by Glaucus littered an egregious and substantial inaccuracies. However, the call made by Glaucus was right that led to the collapse of stock by 78% that shook the confidence of investors. Contribution of corporate governance at TFS Corporation: The dive in share price of Quintis resulting from suspected shortcomings imposed question on directors and executives. Investors of company were suspicious about note holder that was led by fund manager of US, BlackRock that pursued for gaining control over the company. This particular scenario questioned the shareholders possible prejudices. Quintis delayed the annual accounts by putting net assets at worth $ 317 million and valuing plantations at $ 437.6 and thereby offsetting debt of amount $ 460.7 million. A tumultuous year was followed after the collapse of organization that eroded sales and damaged confidence of investors and thereby putting the balance sheet of organization under extreme pressure. The shares of company were further shredded by raising concerns over the contracts of substance along with sales absence in China. Company relied on selling new plantations to outside investors with most of the five million trees quite long time away from harvest. This was done for s upplementing revenue from sale of oil and sandalwood. Investors were deterred by negative sequence of events as most of plantation historically generated sales revenue (da Costa 2017). The new plantations lead to booking of establishment fees of amount $ 86.9 million that in last year that is 2015-2016 recorded $ 20.1 million as the operating revenue was half to $ 97 million. Cash balance of Quintis had fallen to $ 25.4 million compared to $ 89.8 million in the last month. Quintis survived only on help it received from note holders, as it was unable to meet the discounting oil and interest bills on notes for raising cash. Furthermore, two targeted the troubled sandalwood company, Quintis or three class actions of potential shareholders have the litigation backing because the company is headed to appear for court. The statement made by Quintis about billing of twenty year deal of supply of sustainably grown and pharmaceutical grade Indian Sandalwood oil to prestigious customers was completely at odds along with the statements made about the Galderma contract landmark significance. Failure of corporate governance was centered around the Quintis failure to make disclosure of the loss of long-term supply contract with Galderma and it intends to make recovery of loss that shareholders have suffered. Quintis withdrew the earning guidance in year 2016-2017 along with slashing the forecast of sales of products from range of $ 45 million to $ 55 million to $ 25 million to $ 35 million (Fowler, 2018). In the current situation, the failure of its corporate governance practices has resulted in occurrence of liqui dity crisis. Therefore, the objective of organization is to go for recapitalization along with the facing the most critical time for sales of plantation to new sandalwood investors. Shares of Quintis remained suspended after it faced the corporate governance failure. A further disclosure was accompanied in the downgrade of company that since June, 2015, there was no shipping of oil by Galderma (Lcmfinance.com 2017). References list: Asx.com.au. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.asx.com.au/documents/asx-compliance/cgc-principles-and-recommendations-3rd-edn.pdf [Accessed 28 Mar. 2018]. Beekes, W., Brown, P. and Zhang, Q., 2015. Corporate governance and the informativeness of disclosures in Australia: A re?examination.Accounting Finance,55(4), pp.931-963. Council, A.C.G. and Exchange, A.S., 2014. Corporate governance principles and recommendations . ASX Corporate Governance Council. Cumming, D., Leung, T.Y. and Rui, O., 2015. Gender diversity and securities fraud.Academy of management Journal,58(5), pp.1572-1593. Curti, F. and Mihov, A., 2018. Fraud recovery and the quality of country governance.Journal of Banking Finance,87, pp.446-461. da Costa, A.P.P., 2017. Corporate Governance and Fraud: Evolution and Considerations. InCorporate Governance and Strategic Decision Making. InTech. De Zwart, F., 2015.Enhancing Firm Sustainability Through Governance: The Relational Corporate Governance Approach. Edward Elgar Publishing. Donelson, D.C., McInnis, J.M. and Mergenthaler, R., 2015. The effect of governance reforms on financial reporting fraud. Fowler, C. (2018).Former Quintis boss returns as growers seek to take back control of sandalwood empire. [online] ABC Rural. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2018-03-16/former-quintis-chief-returns-sandalwood-grower-takeover/9544926 [Accessed 28 Mar. 2018]. Lcmfinance.com. (2017).Momentum growing in Quintis class action | LCM Finance. [online] Available at: https://www.lcmfinance.com/momentum-growing-in-quintis-class-action/ [Accessed 28 Mar. 2018]. Media.slatergordon.com.au. (2018). [online] Available at: https://media.slatergordon.com.au/sgh-2016-annual-report.pdf [Accessed 28 Mar. 2018]. Mineralresources.com.au. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.mineralresources.com.au/images/2017_Annual_Report(1).pdf [Accessed 28 Mar. 2018]. Safari, M., Mirshekary, S. and Wise, V., 2015. Compliance with corporate governance principles: Australian evidence.Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal,9(4), p.3. Shimeld, S., Williams, B. and Shimeld, J., 2017. Diversity ASX corporate governance recommendations: a step towards change?.Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal,8(3), pp.335-357. Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA

Urban poverty Essay Example For Students

Urban poverty Essay Outline1 Urban Poverty2 I. Introduction3 II. Methodology4 III. Discussion5 1. Causes of poorness6 1.1 Population7 1.2 Employment8 1.3 The societal base installing and societal service9 2. Effectss of poorness10 2.1 Personal11 2.2 Social12 2.3 Condemnable13 3. Solutions to poverty14 3.1 Government15 3.2 Social Urban Poverty I. Introduction Historically, poorness belonged to rural countries, but nowadays it is the same in mega metropoliss and it is estimated that a one-fourth of the universe s urban population is presently populating in a poorness state of affairs ( Perlman, 1998 ) . In last several old ages, by the population growing detonation and more and more people choose to populating from countryside to metropolis, this phenomenon was going more and more serious. At same clip, it made societal jobs stand out. Intensifying of urban poorness has going an insecure factor in societal and economic. The new jobs mix with old jobs lead to a assortment of complex societal effects. In this study will show the jobs which urban poorness, and seek to happen the solutions to work out it. The ground for urban poorness is complicated, such as population, employment and societal service. This study will province as follow. II. Methodology III. Discussion 1. Causes of poorness 1.1 Population Since the twentieth century 50years, along with the accelerated procedure of urbanisation and urban population denseness increased, the population of universe from 30 % to approximately 50 % now, is attack to 60 % by 2030. Because of this, the urban hapless and slums have become progressively outstanding. Today s megacities are making the bounds of their carrying capacity to prolong human life, as urbanites progressively face deficiency of entree to safe H2O and sanitation, unequal waste direction, hapless drainage, air pollution, inordinate noise degrees, and uneffective and unequal service proviso ( Perlman, J. , Hopkins, E. A ; Perez, R. 2008 ) . 1.2 Employment It is means that people who populating in the urban poorness, it will easy missing to employment. Harmonizing to Perlman ( 1998 ) said that adult females who is worked in poorness countries is overstrain, without the safety belongings. What is more, less working chances contribute to low-income family fighting for endurance ( Baker and Schuler, 1997 ) , and hence, the spread between rich and hapless is widening ( Perlman, 1998 ) . 1.3 The societal base installing and societal service Due to the jobs of urban poorness is more earnestly, it is consequence the societal base installing and societal service. Harmonizing to the research from Practical Action ( 2008 ) , there are 2.2billion people around universe scarceness entree to proper sanitation, the cloacas are created by rubbish and human laxations, and more than 420 million bash non hold entree to the simplest latrines ( Perlman, 1998 ) and deficiency of solid waste disposal services ( Masika, 1997 ) . On the other manus, they lack of entree to community services and low-income communities have no control over new installations ( Perlman, 1998 ) . 2. Effectss of poorness 2.1 Personal First, due to the urban hapless and their households, the world of poorness has a certain grade of harm on their wellness, instruction, employment, lodging, household life and other facets. In the commercial metropolis, hapless people have low buying power. It is non merely taking urban hapless to troubles on their material life, but besides declining them to hold equal entree to urban instruction, wellness attention and other services. The urban hapless in these countries will dawdle behind their civilization and physiological quality than the non-poor, therefore indirectly taking to worsen in their societal category position, so that their kids may still confront the quandary of poorness. .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 , .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .postImageUrl , .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 , .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255:hover , .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255:visited , .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255:active { border:0!important; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255:active , .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255 .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf1aa0292084d10963708a37a37546255:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Mayans Argumentative Essay2.2 Social When the state of affairs of urban poorness become aggravate and regulations break down, as Power, A. and Houghton, j. said â€Å"defensive anti- societal behaviour takes root, people carry knives, immature people from packs, people dump their majority trash where it has already accumulated and foreigners abandon autos in creaky streets where mulcts are non enforced† . 2.3 Condemnable Civil Unrest in the Gallic is a typical illustration. Every state has nonsubjective issue of Urban affluent polarisation, developed states are no exclusion. The poorness and The involvements of the division lead to societal struggle, the Gallic phenomenon of urban poorness and societal struggle have some representation. In November 2007, the Gallic railroad work stoppage broke out in sequence and societal agitation. However, in the suburbs of Paris in 2005, two male childs were by chance dead, had a similar eruption of agitation. The public violences in 2005 and 2007, most people in group were populating in hapless conditions, unemployment and poverty population. The content of the public presentation reflected were migration, unemployment, and poorness. It was widening spread between rich and the hapless led to the split of the deep societal contradictions, reflecting the rich-poor divide is existent bitterness. 3. Solutions to poverty 3.1 Government The authorities has responsibility to concern about the poorness job, to take highly care about their kids to school, and basic wellness. Make certain urban hapless can acquire particular monetary value about urban H2O, electricity, gas monetary value and so on, so that their life status do non deteriorate. And the authorities is have to plan a income mechanism to extenuate distribution spread, such as commanding revenue enhancements and societal public assistance system to do the strong gross transportation to the weak. 3.2 Social Fairness in economic activities there are two constructs, one is income every bit, all participants in economic activities more consistent gross ; 2nd is a just opportunity, that average economic agents have a just competition and just chance to take part. Income may be unjust, but everyone should hold the right to vie reasonably.